The use of response latency measures as an indicator of underlying cognitive processes has been widespread in experimental research in cognitive and social psychology, especially since computers may readily be programmed to measure the time between the presentation of a question or other stimulus and the time that a key is pressed to indicate an answer / in this chapter, Bassili extends this methodology to computer-assisted telephone interviews (CATI) by the use of a "voice key" that transmits a signal to the computer when the respondent begins to answer a question / describes a series of studies that used response latencies to understand question interpretation, memory retrieval, information integration, and response selection, and to measure attitude strength / concludes that response latencies have significant potential for enriching the results of telephone surveys and should be measured whenever possible.